Miniaturization of clinical chemistry analyzers will help transform clinical chemical testing from central laboratories to direct point-of-care using clinical chemistry chips which measure a small array of analytes, are small, portable, fast, easy-to-operate, and inexpensive. This dissertation is focused on developing an information processing unit “InfoWare” for a clinical chemistry chip, in general, and a …
Tag Archive: Medical
Mar
10
Influence of hydrodynamic stresses, cellular mechanics and environmental conditions on epithelial cell injury during airway reopening
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a common and devastating lung disorder. In spite of the tremendous amount of research on this subject, many of the mechanisms responsible for the initiation and progression of this disease are not understood. Although the mechanical forces generated by ventilating patients with large volumes have been investigated, the consequences …
Mar
09
Contrast-generation techniques for rapid magnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic resonance imaging MRI) is a potent medical imaging modality that effectively depicts the morphology and function of biological tissues. Due to its excellent soft-tissue contrast, MRI is particularly useful in the diagnosis and therapeutic assessment of many diseases, and has found wide clinical use in areas such as neurological or cardiovascular imaging. Furthermore, a …
Mar
04
High-resolution gamma-ray imaging with columnar scintillators and CCD/CMOS sensors, and FastSPECT III: A third-generation stationary SPECT imager
A new class of scintillation detector has emerged that combines columnar scintillators and CCD/CMOS sensors for high-resolution imaging. Originally developed for single-photon gamma-ray imaging, these detectors provide better than an order-of-magnitude improvement in spatial resolution compared to conventional photomultiplier tube PMT)-based gamma cameras； sub-100 micron detector resolutions have been achieved. This work reviews the several …
Feb
20
Acoustic radiation force impulse-driven shear wave velocimetry in cardiac tissue
Acoustic radiation force impulses ARFI) have been used to generated transverse-traveling mechanical waves in various biological tissues. The velocity of these waves is related to a mediums stiffness and thus can offer useful diagnostic information. Consequently, shear wave velocimetry has the potential to investigate cardiac disease states that manifest themselves as changes in tissue stiffness …
Feb
12
A twenty-eight channel coil array for improved optic nerve imaging
The purpose of this work was to design and construct a radio-frequency coil optimized for imaging the Optic Nerve (ON) on a Siemens 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. The specific goals were to optimize signal sensitivity from the orbit to the optic chiasm and improve SNR over designs currently in use. The constructed coil …
Feb
10
Fundamental, formational, and practical challenges in microwave inverse scattering for medical imaging of the breast
Microwave frequency electromagnetic illumination is widely investigated for application to medical imaging. In particular, the breast is an excellent candidate for microwave medical imaging research given the applications technical viability and epidemiological relevance. From a technical perspective, waves scattered from the fibroglandular tissue structures are measurable with practical hardware, due to the accessibility of the …
Feb
10
Fundamental, formational, and practical challenges in microwave inverse scattering for medical imaging of the breast
Microwave frequency electromagnetic illumination is widely investigated for application to medical imaging. In particular, the breast is an excellent candidate for microwave medical imaging research given the applications technical viability and epidemiological relevance. From a technical perspective, waves scattered from the fibroglandular tissue structures are measurable with practical hardware, due to the accessibility of the …
Feb
10
Hardware-accelerated automatic three-dimensional nonrigid image registration
Software implementations of 3D nonrigid image registration, an essential tool in medical applications like radiotherapies and image-guided surgeries, run excessively slow on traditional computers. These algorithms can be accelerated using hardware methods by exploiting parallelism at different levels in the algorithm. We present here, an implementation of a free-form deformation-based algorithm on a field programmable …
Jan
20
Development and validation of a finite element model of human lower limb: Including detailed geometry, physical material properties, and component validations for pedestrian injuries
Road safety is a serious problem throughout the world. Every year, more than 1.17 million people die, and over 10 millions are injured in road crashes around the world. Pedestrians constitute 65 percent of the road crash related fatalities worldwide.The lower limb is frequently injured in pedestrian accidents due to the initial impact with the …